Principles of the transmission by Optical fiber
FTTH >> Technology
If a cross section becomes of a fiber cable, their main components can be distinguished
The central part of the optical fiber is the nucleus, its size, as it will be seen in the following section depends on the type of fiber with which it is working, although the 8,3 standards are µm (monoway), 50 µm (multiway) and 62,5 µm (multiway). The coating has a diameter of 125 µm. In order to make an analogy, a human hair has about 70 µm of diameter. Finally, the cables are covered by an armored deck, semi-rigid, that it protects to the nucleus and the coating of possible damages. As much the nucleus as the coating is formed by different materials, normally silicon crystal (SiO2) of different compositions to cause phenomenon TIR.
The connectors are interconnections fiber-to-fiber that align the nucleus of both fibers and the main difference among them is the type of mechanical enlistment and its size. The cables are finished in different completions that allow to connect them to the panels and existing fiber trays in the closets of communications.
If an optical fiber cable is cut, and is necessary to repair it, the process, consists of the union of both ends of the cable and their later fusion. The process is technically complex and requires machinery and personnel highly specialized.
In addition to cables, we must consider that an optical system of transmission consists of several essential components:
The transmission means are the own fiber glass, the light source usually is a laser, and the receiver a photosensitive element. The information codifies so that a light pulse indicates a 1 and the absence of same a 0.
Once the light enters an optical fiber, it propagates of a form uniforms call way, that is not more than the way than follows through a fiber (the electromagnetic wave)
Depending on the number of modes of propagation, there are two great types of optical fiber that are described in the following subparagraphs.
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22-1-2008
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